¹⁰Kenneth Scott,   ed., New York City Court Records, 1684-1760:  Genealogical Data from the Court of Quarter Sessions ( Washington, DC:  National Genealogical Society, 1982), 33.

¹¹Douglas Greenberg, “Patterns of Criminal Prosecution in Eighteenth-Century New York,”   New York History, LVI (April 1975): 146.

¹²This case occurred during the time of transition between slavery and freedom.  Rose had been born after the emancipation law had been passed and was obligated to serve for 25 years.

¹³Leslie Maria Harris, “Creating the African American Working Class:  Black and White Workers, Abolitionists and Reformers in New York City, 1785-1863.”   Ph. D. Dissertation:  Stanford University, (Ann Arbor, MI:  University Microfilms International,  1995), 40-43.

¹⁴Butler had been pressured by the authorities to name two white men who had allegedly encouraged her arson and who were suspected of being the persons who finally burned the house to the ground while Butler was still in jail (apparently in an attempt to deflect suspicion from her).  It was also assumed that these men were involved in her thefts.

¹⁵Kenneth Scott, ed., Genealogical Data from Colonial New York Newspapers:  A Consolidation of articles from the New York Genealogical and Biographical Record   (Baltimore:  Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 1977), 59, 96, 209. 

¹⁶Scott.  New York City Court Records, 1684-1760, 10.

¹⁷Kenneth Scott, “The Slave insurrection in New York in 1712.”  New York Historical Society Quarterly 45 (January 1961):  45.

¹⁸New York Post-Boy, May 27, 1751; quoted in Thelma Foote, “Black Life in Colonial Manhattan, 16641786.”  Ph. D. dissertation: Harvard University,  (Ann Arbor, MI:  University Microfilms International, 1992),  85.

¹⁹Thomas J. Davis, ed.  The New York Conspiracy by Daniel Horsmanden.  (Boston:  Beacon Press, 1971), 87. 

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HUAN 5 
August 2000